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Cain & AbelĬain & Abel is a Windows-based tool with a host of useful features, including a password cracker. Three of the main ones that people use for AD passwords are Cain and John the Ripper (my personal preference), and Hashcat. There are lots of different tools you can use to crack the password hashes – to some extent it comes down to personal preference. However, it lacks many of the features of modern hashing algorithms such as Bcrypt or PBKDF2, such as being slow, salting and GPU/FPGA/ASIC resistant. NTLM fixed the main two problems with LM hashes (case sensitivity and splitting passwords), so in a major improvement in those respects. In Windows NT Microsoft introduced the newer NTLM hashes type, which is essentially the MD4 algorithm (so would not be considered secure by modern standards). This means that in many domains, there are a small number of accounts that still have LM hashes, which are usually accounts that haven’t had password changes in a number of years (and are quite often privileged or service accounts). Any LM hashes already present will remain until the password for that account is changed. However, configuring this policy does not remove existing LM hashes. If the Active Directory domain was created before this change was implemented (on Server 2003 or before), it will still store LM hashes, unless a specific Group Policy setting is configured to prevent the storage of LM hashes. This means that in a modern environment there should only be LM hashes stored on local systems, but Active Directory makes this a bit more complicated. Windows stored both LM and NTLM hashes by default until Windows Vista/Server 2008, from which point only NTLM hashes were stored (along with the empty LM hash AAD3B435B51404EEAAD3B435B51404EE).
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These, and the fact that the LM algorithm is relatively fast and does not use salts, means that almost any LM hash can be cracked using brute-force or rainbow table attacks in a matter of hours (often minutes or seconds), on commodity hardware. This means that cracking a 14 character password is twice as hard as cracking a 7 character password, rather than being billions of times harder as it would be with an algorithm that did not split the passwords. Secondly, and more importantly, the algorithm pads the password to 14 characters, and then splits it into two 7 character strings, which are hashed separately (using DES).
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Firstly, it is case insensitive, with all letters being converted to uppercase, which greatly reduces the possible keyspace. The LM hashing algorithm is very old, and is considered very insecure for a number of reasons. Windows stores passwords using two different hashing algorithms – LM (Lan Manager) and NTLM (NT Lan Manager). If you’re not interested in the background, feel free to skip this section. Hash Typesįirst a quick introduction about how Windows stores passwords in the NTDS.dit (or local SAM) files. Now we need to crack the hashes to get the clear-text passwords.
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Don’t use it for illegal purposes.In part 1 we looked how to dump the password hashes from a Domain Controller using NtdsAudit. But its lack of a GUI interface makes a bit more challenging to use. John the Ripper is probably the world’s best known password cracking tool. In my example, you can clearly see that John the Ripper has cracked the password within matter of seconds. It will start cracking your Windows password. Open a Command Prompt and change into the directory where John the Ripper is located, then type:
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Just download the Windows binaries of John the Ripper, and unzip it.
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John the Ripper is one of the most popular password cracking tools available that can run on Windows, Linux and Mac OS X. Step 2: Cracking Passwords with John the RipperĪs you can see the password hashes are still unreadable, and we need to crack them using John the Ripper. Once you press Enter, PwDump7 will grab the password hashes from your current system and save it into the file d:\hash.txt. Navigate to the folder where you extract the PwDump7 app, and then type the following command: Just download the freeware PwDump7 and unzip it on your local PC. The first thing we need to do is grab the password hashes from the SAM file. Security Account Manager (SAM) is a database file in Windows 10/8/7/XP that stores user passwords in encrypted form, which could be located in the following directory: This tutorial will show you how to use John the Ripper to crack Windows 10, 8 and 7 password on your own PC. Forgot the password to your Windows admin account? There are a lot of different reasons why one would want to hack a Windows password.